By Karina Martinez-CarterFeatures correspondent

Historic cafes and bakeries in the capital produce some of Portugal’s most beloved baked goods.

On the streets winding up, down and around the seven hills that comprise Lisbon, and in town plazas throughout the country, the pastelaria or confeitaria (pastry shop) is a mainstay of the Portuguese neighbourhood.

Pastelarias in Portugal stay busy throughout the day as customers pop in to purchase boxes of pastries, or pause for a bit to savour baked morsels and coffee. Rows of flaky, palm-sized pastries fill window displays in stacked pans. The golden-brown confections complement the colour scheme of typical Portuguese architecture: from the burnt orange roofs to the clean white buildings to decorative hues that resemble the colour of butter.

Rather than using elaborate toppings or mouldings, the Portuguese keep their baked goods simple. Each type of pastry varies only slightly from the next, and they often come topped or filled with a sweet, gooey custard. The fundamental ingredient is the egg yolk, which is used in as many ways as possible.

The archetypal Portuguese pastry is the pastel de nata, a custard tart with hints of lemon, cinnamon and vanilla, often sprinkled with powdered sugar and easily consumed in a few bites. It resembles a tiny pie, and the baked, creamy egg custard is cupped in the centre. Throughout the country, the pastel de nata is so adored that discussions about which shop makes the best often become enlivened debates.

Many believe that this sacred Portuguese pastry is found in its most heavenly form at the Antiga Confeitaria de Belem (commonly known as the Pastéis de Belém), located west of downtown Lisbon. It is believed that the first-ever version of this dessert was baked in the same spot more than 200 years ago by nuns at the Mosteiro dos Jerónimos, which adjoins the pastry shop. Nuns are credited with creating many of the country’s pastries, and some say the egg yolk became a central ingredient in Portuguese baking because the nuns used so many egg whites to starch their attire.

Pastéis de Belém has been in operation since 1837, and the same, closely guarded recipe has been followed since that very first year. A few “master confectioners” are the only ones who know the art, and they concoct batches of the confection within the confines of a “secret” room in the shop. It is the most-frequented pastry shop in the whole of Portugal, but it is not just tourists who bring the volume of traffic. Locals also know it as the best spot for their most beloved pastries.

Those on a tight schedule order their pastries to take away from the dapper, bow-tied staff behind the counter. Others eat at a table in one of the cafe’s multiple seating areas, adorned with painted blue and white tiles, just steps from the Belem Tower -- a monument from which numerous Portuguese expeditions have set sail.

Lisbon’s kingly Pastelaria Versailles (Avenida da Republica 15 A, 351-21-354-63-40) is a young cafe in comparison, dating back to 1932, but many claim Versailles’ pastel de nata rivals the recipe found at Pastéis de Belém. The sign outside, written in a fanciful script, foretells the baroque-style interior, marked with rich woods, ornate mirrors and staffed with smartly dressed waiters. The cafe is a National Heritage site and is one of the most famous cafes in the country, though its location slightly north of the city discourages tourists from making it for a breakfast or teatime pastry. Other favourites on offer include croissants stuffed with custard or pudim flã (a Portuguese flan).

Pre-dating the Pastéis de Belém, Confeitaria Nacional opened in the capital city in 1829 and once served as the Portuguese monarchy’s official bakery, supplying the family with their daily choice of sweets. The traditional Bolo Rei fruitcake is a house specialty and a must for Portuguese Christmas tables. Though the Bolo Rei is originally a French recipe, the Confeitaria was the first to introduce it to Portugal and the bakery has adopted the dessert as their own. The bakery also sets out favourites such as queijadas de Sintra, a pastry that originated in Sintra, a town 30 minutes northwest of Lisbon, and features a sweet, light cheese in addition to many of the same ingredients as the pastel de nata. Like many pastry shops in Portugal, it is family-owned.

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